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Viscosity of water at 20 c5/28/2023 ![]() Because of the polarity of the bonds between the two hydrogen atoms and the oxygen atom, the molecule has slightly positive and slightly negative charges on both sides. Water is a universal solvent due to its polar hydrogen bonding, which allows it to dissolve a wide range of compounds. Specific gravity is a ratio and has no units. The specific gravity of water is 1 at 4 degrees Celsius. Properties of Water 1 liter of waterġ000 grams, 35.274 ounces, or 0.264 US gallons As a result, it is a relative quantity with no units. Specific gravity is defined as the ratio of a material’s density to that of water at 4 ☌ (where it is most dense and is taken to have a value of 999.974 kg m -3). It is sometimes expressed in terms of centistokes (cS or cSt) 1 stokes = 100 centistokes = 1 cm 2 s −1 = 0.0001 m 2 s −1. The physical unit for kinematic viscosity is the stokes (St), named after George Stokes. The kinematic viscosity of water at 20 ☌ is about 1 cSt. ![]() Pascal seconds (Pa-s) are commonly used to quantify viscosity, a measurement of force equal to one kilogram per meter per second (kg/(ms)). For example, honey spreads much slower than water because honey has a higher viscosity than water. It explains the internal friction of a moving fluid. ![]() A fluid’s (liquid or gas’s) viscosity is its resistance to shape change or movement of adjoining sections relative to one another. ![]()
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